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Motor Proteins in Mechanobiology4.1 Introduction – What are Motor Proteins?Motor proteins bind to and move along the cytoskeletal filaments and also bind to and hydrolyze nucleotides (reviewed in [1]). Nucleotide hydrolysis and controlled inorganic phosphate release by motor proteins causes restructuring of core domains that control the association of the motor protein with the filaments, other proteins, and the fresh supply of nucleotides.Motor proteins propel themselves along the cytoskeleton using a mechanochemical cycle of filament binding, conformational change, filament release, conformation reversal, and filament rebinding. In most cases, the conformational change(s) on the motor protein prevents subsequent nucleotide binding and/or hydrolysis until the prior round of hydrolysis and release is complete. Controlled hydrolysis of nucleotides and inorganic phosphate release by motor proteins can generate mechanical forces that can be used for:
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References
- Hwang W. & Lang MJ. Mechanical design of translocating motor proteins. Cell Biochem. Biophys. 2009; 54(1-3):11-22. [PMID: 19452133]